What are the two major classes of nutrition?
Autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition.
What are autotrophs?
Organisms that manufacture their own food from inorganic materials.
What is photoautotrophic nutrition?
A mode of nutrition where organisms use sunlight for photosynthesis.
Give an example of chemoautotrophs.
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria like Nitrosomonas.
What is heterotrophic nutrition?
Nutrition where organisms rely on autotrophs for food.
Name the four subcategories of holozoic nutrition.
Carnivores, herbivores, omnivores, and scavengers.
What is a parasitic mode of nutrition?
When organisms (parasites) feed on living hosts.
What are ectoparasites?
Parasites that live on the surface of their hosts.
What are endoparasites?
Parasites that reside inside their hosts.
Give an example of an endoparasite.
Tapeworm (Taenia solium).
What is symbiotic nutrition?
A mutualistic relationship where two organisms of different species benefit from living together.
Name an example of a symbiotic relationship.
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria in root nodules of legumes.
What is saprophytic nutrition?
Feeding on non-living organic matter using extracellular digestion.
Give an example of saprophytes.
Mushrooms and Rhizopus.
What are carnivorous plants?
Plants that derive nutrients by trapping and digesting animals.
Name a carnivorous plant with pitcher-shaped traps.
Nepenthes (Pitcher Plant).
What is unique about sundew (Drosera) plants?
They have glandular hairs that trap and digest insects.
What environment do carnivorous plants typically grow in?
Nutrient-poor environments like acidic bogs.
What are chemoautotrophs?
Organisms that derive energy from inorganic chemical processes.
What are scavengers in holozoic nutrition?
Animals that feed on dead organisms.
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